Manas Dasgupta
NEW DELHI, Nov 6: Contrary to the goals spelt out during demonetisation of high currency notes, cash usage has been steadily rising in the economy and the currency with the public now has nearly doubled than what it was six years back.
Besides reducing corruption and eliminating black money, the prime minister Narendra Modi while announcing the shock decision of demonetising currency notes of Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 values, had set “less cash” economy as one of the major goals for demonetisation move.
According to the Reserve Bank of India’s latest reports, the currency in circulation with the public has jumped up to Rs 30.88 lakh crores as on October 21, 2022. This was against about Rs 17.7 lakh crores with the public on November 2, 2016, four days before demonetisation on November 8.
Even as newer and far convenient digital alternatives of payments have become popular which was given a further fillip by the Covid-19 pandemic encouraging contactless transactions, the cash transactions remained high on the Indian agenda.
Currency with the public has jumped to a new high of ₹30.88 lakh crore as of October 21, illustrating that cash usage is still robust even six years after the demonetisation move, the RBI report indicate.
At ₹30.88 lakh crore, the currency with the public is 71.84% higher than the level for the fortnight ended November 4, 2016. On November 8, 2016, Prime Minister Narendra Modi had announced the decision to withdraw ₹500 and ₹1,000 denomination notes with the ultimate aim of reducing corruption and black money in the economy. The intent of the move, which was criticised by many experts for poor planning and execution, was to make India a “less cash” economy.
As per the fortnightly data on money supply released by the RBI, the currency with the public increased to ₹30.88 lakh crore as on October 21. The central bank data for Reserve Money had put the currency in circulation at ₹17.7 lakh crore on November 4, 2016.
Currency with public refers to notes and coins used by people to transact, settle trades, and for buying goods and services. The figure is arrived at after deducting cash with banks from the currency in circulation.
A 2019 RBI study on digital payments had partly addressed the issue. “Although digital payments have been growing gradually in recent years, both in value and volume terms across countries, data also suggests that during the same time, currency in circulation to GDP ratio has also increased in consonance with the overall economic growth,” it had said. “… an increase in digital payments to GDP ratio over a period of time does not seem to automatically imply a fall in the currency to GDP ratio of the country,” it had added.
It had said after demonetisation, India has witnessed a significant increase in digital transactions, although the digital payments to GDP ratio in the country has been traditionally low. In a recent note, economists at SBI had said the currency in circulation (CIC) declined by ₹7,600 crore in the Diwali week, which was the first such decline in nearly two decades if one were to exclude the 2009 festivities, which saw a marginal dip due to the global financial crisis.
